Below are all available peer-reviewed research publications authored by Dr. Amol S. Navathe, MD, PhD, The Parity Center, and/or our associated collaborators.
Our Publications
Paying More for Primary Care — A New Approach by Medicare
In this Viewpoint article, Amol and coauthors discuss the implications of the US historically low investment in Primary care, including that US adults are less likely to have established relationships with primary care clinicians than adults in peer nations.
Shah S, Gondi S, Navathe AS. Paying More for Primary Care—A New Approach by Medicare. JAMA. Published online December 12, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.23933
Racial Bias in Clinical and Population Health Algorithms: A Critical Review of Current Debates
In this paper, the authors critically examine seven prominent and controversial health care algorithms and show that popular approaches that aim to improve the fairness of health care algorithms can in fact worsen outcomes for individuals across all racial and ethnic groups. The authors offer an alternative algorithm design that mitigates these harms.
Coots M, Linn KA, Goel S, Navathe AS, Parikh RB. Racial Bias in Clinical and Population Health Algorithms: A Critical Review of Current Debates. Annu Rev Public Health. 2024 Dec 3. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-071823-112058. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39626231.
Increasing screening for breast cancer using a randomized evaluation of electronic health record nudges: Design and rationale of the I-screen clinical trial
The purpose of this trial is to examine the effectiveness of a multi-component nudge intervention to increase breast cancer screening among eligible primary care patients. Outcomes will be evaluated using generalized estimating equations (GEE) to address clinic-level clustering. GEE models will also be fit to evaluate the impact of the intensification nudge on mammogram completion. If successful, this trial provides a blueprint for leveraging scalable multi-component nudge interventions for clinicians and patients to improve cancer screening rates.
Kimberly J. Waddell, Shivan J. Mehta, Joshua M. Liao, Kristin A. Linn, Saehwan Park, Corinne M. Rhodes, Caitlin Brophy, Catherine Reitz, Deborah S. Cousins, Keyirah Williams, Esther J. Thatcher, Ryan Muskin, Peter J. Pronovost, Amol S. Navathe, Increasing screening for breast cancer using a randomized evaluation of electronic health record nudges: Design and rationale of the I-screen clinical trial, Contemporary Clinical Trials, Volume 148, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2024.107753.
Behavioural economics to improve and motivate vaccination in primary care using nudges through the electronic health record: rationale and design of the BE IMMUNE randomised clinical trial
The purpose of this trial is to evaluate multicomponent behavioural economic nudge interventions to clinicians and patients to increase influenza vaccination. The effect of the clinic-level nudge intervention on the primary and secondary outcomes will be evaluated using generalised estimating equations (GEEs) with a clinic-level exchangeable working correlation to account for clustering of observations within the clinic. GEE models with an independent working correlation will be used to evaluate the impact of the additional intensification nudge on the primary and secondary outcomes.
Waddell K, Mehta SJ, Navathe A, et al Behavioural economics to improve and motivate vaccination in primary care using nudges through the electronic health record: rationale and design of the BE IMMUNE randomised clinical trial BMJ Open 2024;14:e086698. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086698
Association between mandatory bundled payments and changes in socioeconomic disparities for joint replacement outcomes
In this retrospective observational study of dual-eligible and non-dual eligible beneficiaries after hospital participation in the Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) program, the authors found that mandatory participation in a bundled payment program was associated with reduced disparities in joint replacement complications for Medicare beneficiaries with low income. To the authors knowledge, this is the first evidence of reduced socioeconomic disparities in outcomes under value-based payments.
Kilaru AS, Liao JM, Wang E, et al. Association between mandatory bundled payments and changes in socioeconomic disparities for joint replacement outcomes. Health Serv Res. 2024; 1-12.
Clinician Perspectives on Virtual Specialty Palliative Care for Patients With Advanced Illnesses
In this multisite qualitative study, the authors found that clinicians believe that automated referrals and virtual palliative care could increase access to the benefits of specialty palliative care. However, virtual palliative care models should give attention to iterative communication with primary clinicians and the perceived need for an initial in-person visit.
Klaiman T, Steckel J, Hearn C, Diana A, Ferrell WJ, Emanuel EJ, et al. Clinician Perspectives on Virtual Specialty Palliative Care for Patients With Advanced Illnesses. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2024;27(5):630-7.
The Promise and Challenge of Value-Based Payment
Fee-for-service (FFS) systems pay physicians and health care institutions based on the number of services provided, whereas value-based payment (VBP) links payment to quality and outcomes. In 2021, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) announced the goal to use VBP for all Medicare beneficiaries’ health care by 2030. Some commercial insurers are also aligning their contracts to VBP. This broad alignment stems from increasing recognition that to reduce health care costs, incentives must be realigned to change practice patterns, prioritizing quality and cost-lowering over quantity of services.
Shenfeld DK, Navathe AS, Emanuel EJ. The Promise and Challenge of Value-Based Payment. JAMA Intern Med. Published online May 20, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.1343
Future Bundled Payment Models Need To Engage Physician Group Practices
This article is the latest in the Health Affairs Forefront series, Accountable Care for Population Health, featuring analysis and discussion of how to understand, design, support, and measure patient-centered, cost-efficient care under the umbrella of accountable care. Additional articles will be published throughout 2024.
Kilaru, Austin S. Crowley, Aidan P. Huang, Qian. Navathe, Amol S. "Future Bundled Payment Models Need To Engage Physician Group Practices", Health Affairs Forefront, April 4, 2024.
The next decade of Healthcare
In this article the Editors of Healthcare, including Amol Navathe, MD, PhD, discuss the past ten years, and the future, of the journal.
Jennifer P. Stevens, Amol Navathe, Sachin Jain. The next decade of Healthcare. Healthcare, Volume 12, Issue 1, 2024.
Association of Electronic Self-Scheduling and Screening Mammogram Completion
In this retrospective cohort study, using a difference-in-differences design, Kimberly Waddell et al. examined mammogram completion before versus after the implementation of self-scheduling. The authors found that EHR-based self-scheduling was associated with a significant increase in mammogram completion among primary care patients. Self-scheduling can be a low-cost, scalable function for increasing preventive cancer screenings.
Kimberly J. Waddell, Keshav Goel, Sae-Hwan Park, Kristin A. Linn, Amol S. Navathe, Joshua M. Liao, Caitlin McDonald, Catherine Reitz, Jake Moore, Steve Hyland, Shivan J. Mehta. Association of Electronic Self-Scheduling and Screening Mammogram Completion. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Volume 66, Issue 3, 2024.